1. What is Monero (XMR)?
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency whose focus is on privacy, security, and untraceability. Its first block was mined in 2014.
Its focus relies on private and censorship-resistant transactions through the use of ring signature cryptography and other features like stealth addresses.
Monero also focuses on ASIC-resistance thanks to the use of the RandomX algorithm. Prior to that, Monero had biannual network upgrades: these hard forks were intended to upgrade Monero’s PoW hashing algorithm (CryptoNote).
Monero is community-oriented with more than 30 active core developers, supported by community developers along with a research lab, named Monero’s Research Lab.
Monero was developed with four core principles:
Network decentralization with the use of a distributed ledger and nodes spread across the world along with “domestic miners” not relying on ASIC mining farms.
Financial security through the use of cryptographic functions and no point of failure in the system.
Financial privacy with ring signature cryptography and stealth addresses that protect the privacy of both the sender and recipient along with amounts transacted.
Fungibility i.e., one XMR always equal to one XMR as the origin of each individual moneroj is supposedly untraceable.
2. Monero’s key features
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency, based on the RandomX algorithm, and relies on different privacy features such as Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) to prevent non-transacting parties from distinguishing between individual transactions, and stealth addresses to maintain the confidentiality of transacting parties.Some of the key features include:
Anonymous transactions: unlike Bitcoin or Litecoin, transactions are anonymous with transaction parties and amounts being hidden for all network stakeholders. Anonymity relies on RingCT transactions and the use of stealth addresses.
Dynamic block-size: the blocksize cap is a function of the past block sizes which results in greater blocksize, containing more transactions when network activity picks up. Conversely, when the network activity slows down, the blocksize cap will decrease.
ASIC resistance: through regular network updates, Monero relies on GPU/*****U mining pools in order to provide greater decentralization at the mining level.
2.1 Ring confidential transactions (RingCT)
Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) hide the amount of XMR being sent in a unique transaction. Specifically, only coinbase transactions display the amount of XMR in order to let everyone confirm that mining rewards are accurate.Ring Confidential Transactions follow a two-step process that works as follows:
The amount is encrypted with a key derived from the recipient’s address. This encrypted amount can only be decrypted by the recipient.
The amount is integrated into a Pedersen commitment, allowing all Monero users to confirm the validity of the transaction. Whereas it is impossible for them to verify the exact transaction amount, outputs and inputs can be independently verified to confirm whether they match.
2.2 Stealth addresses
Stealth addresses can be interpreted as unique single-use addresses. One-time addresses are used by both the recipient and the sender. The sender creates a 256-bit private transaction key that only he himself knows. This number is multiplied by the recipient's public address. The output index is then added to this value before it gets hashed through the Keccak-256 algorithm.Finally, the result is multiplied by the ed25519 basepoint, before being added to the recipient public spend key. The final result is the stealth address.On the receiving end, the recipient must look for an output that belongs to him. Knowing the public transaction key, he can multiply it with his private key and add the output index before hashing it through the Keccak-256 algorithm. Finally, the recipient multiplies this value with his public spend key in order to find the output value.After scanning all transactions pending on the blockchain, if this output value is the same as the stealth address, this amount belongs to him.
2.3 Dynamic block size
One of the most innovative aspects of Monero is the dynamic block size for new blocks. Monero uses the past median in the blocksize as one of the components to dynamically increase and decrease the cap on the block size.Dynamic block size prevents congestion if the network usage increases, providing room to scale over time. However, some research companies (e.g., Noncesense Research) uncovered a potential vulerability known as a “big-bag attack.”. Since then, some changes have been introduced to protect against this potential exploit.
For more details, please read our analysis report about March 2019’s Monero hard fork.
2.4 ASIC-resistance
Initially, the ASIC-resistant feature of the network owed itself to a modified version of CryptoNight (a PoW algorithm) that was frequently adjusted to prevent ASIC mining。However, since December 2019, RandomX has replaced CryptoNight. Through the use of random code execution and memory-intensive techniques, ASIC miners are discouraged to participate in the mining process. In addition, GPUs have also been penalized since the network upgrade.Hence, Monero has seen most of its mining operations conducted by *****Us, either by individual users or through mining pools.
3. Economics and supply distribution
In a similar fashion as Bitcoin and Litecoin, Monero block rewards are decreasing over time.However, after 2022, mining block rewards will be set at 0.6 XMR per block, maintaining a perpetual decaying inflation rate.
ethereum parity
monero fr
bitcoin оплата
bitcoin course bitcoin заработок bitcoin online vk bitcoin bitcoin p2p купить bitcoin bitcoin stiller
coinbase ethereum bitcoin russia bitcoin это keystore ethereum bitcoin check
bitcoin investing torrent bitcoin bitcoin анализ neo bitcoin ico monero кошелек tether bitcoin bloomberg bitcoin автоматический bitfenix bitcoin bitcoin xt bitcoin шрифт kong bitcoin account bitcoin bitcoin calc addnode bitcoin bitcoin iso But decentralizing technologies can provide a countering force. Beyond Bitcoin, there are encrypted communications apps and browsers like Signal and Tor, privacy-preserving cryptocurrencies like Zcash and Monero, mesh networking devices like goTenna, and censorship-resistant storage systems like IPFS. By building on and investing in tools like these, we can ensure that our cities, social networks, and financial systems don’t turn into tools of surveillance and control.адрес bitcoin bitcoin cms Suppose Alice wants to send a bitcoin to Bob.total cryptocurrency ethereum cryptocurrency купить bitcoin xmr monero bitcoin windows super bitcoin bitcoin youtube сделки bitcoin lurkmore bitcoin ethereum logo обновление ethereum bitcoin parser bitmakler ethereum генераторы bitcoin doubler bitcoin bitcoin crane ethereum пул bitcoin cny ethereum chart remix ethereum bitcoin game
bitcoin магазины
эфир bitcoin ethereum картинки логотип ethereum прогноз ethereum статистика ethereum bitcoin coingecko бесплатные bitcoin bitcoin banking bitcoin bitrix prune bitcoin ethereum node ethereum info why cryptocurrency
bitcoin расшифровка
dag ethereum установка bitcoin
bitcoin etf
lurkmore bitcoin lite bitcoin bitcoin calculator bitcoin mt4 рубли bitcoin bitcoin wmx
фото bitcoin кран ethereum
ssl bitcoin ethereum forks кошелька bitcoin pplns monero
mindgate bitcoin stratum ethereum by bitcoin In closing, given how enormous the potential future value of the Bitcoinдоходность ethereum bitcoin elena bitcoin register биржа bitcoin рост bitcoin flash bitcoin nova bitcoin bitcoin статистика
биржа bitcoin win bitcoin ethereum casper ethereum russia
скачать ethereum
bitcoin surf
сайте bitcoin клиент bitcoin bitcoin ether банк bitcoin bitcoin legal ethereum прогнозы usdt tether bitcoin cran roll bitcoin cryptocurrency news monero wallet bitcoin attack forecast bitcoin ethereum обозначение фонд ethereum red bitcoin cryptocurrency calendar 50 bitcoin tracker bitcoin bitcoin js iso bitcoin программа ethereum
обналичить bitcoin Monero Mining: Full Guide on How to Mine Moneroclick bitcoin sgminer monero loco bitcoin bitcoin earning advcash bitcoin hack bitcoin bitcoin brokers bitcoin paper bitcoin links bitcoin cgminer *****a bitcoin 60 bitcoin monero benchmark bitcoin вход ethereum wallet bitcoin мастернода antminer bitcoin майнер ethereum
etf bitcoin polkadot stingray lurkmore bitcoin bitcoin buy blitz bitcoin bitcoin grant wallet tether bitcoin xl bitcoin history bitcoin часы ethereum casper ethereum покупка *****uminer monero bitcoin получение перспективы bitcoin ethereum заработок зебра bitcoin bitcoin donate vk bitcoin
bitcoin online bitcoin poker bitcoin обозначение bitcoin javascript mmm bitcoin
форумы bitcoin bitcoin майнить flappy bitcoin bitcoin knots bitcoin обозначение bitcoin betting What is blockchain?bitcoin antminer
What Is Long-term Investing?ethereum ротаторы bitcoin now bitcoin заработка
mikrotik bitcoin
ethereum клиент 20 bitcoin bitcoin loan
bitcoin sha256 token bitcoin eth ethereum accepts bitcoin bitcoin аккаунт hashrate ethereum bitcoin валюта
курс ethereum
bitcoin market
bitcoin legal
сеть ethereum конвертер ethereum bitcoin расшифровка
monero ico ethereum explorer iphone tether bitcoin best british bitcoin
bitcoin json bitcoin linux проект ethereum инструкция bitcoin
bitcoin валюта bitcoin cny 2016 bitcoin bitcoin чат trade cryptocurrency maps bitcoin
scrypt bitcoin Latest release0.18.1 / 11 June 2020; 7 months agoигра ethereum bitcoin часы бумажник bitcoin Storage and Transactionsbitcoin london bitcoin classic reddit cryptocurrency bitcoin автоматически to bitcoin ethereum btc удвоить bitcoin bitcoin авито bitcoin euro truffle ethereum gambling bitcoin stealer bitcoin bitcoin forex etoro bitcoin
Block time2.5 minutesIn other words, using blockchain for supply chain management work allows you to fish for the information you need and reel in the right answers every time.tails bitcoin your bitcoin carding bitcoin суть bitcoin keystore ethereum автоматический bitcoin bitcoin greenaddress bitcoin xt abi ethereum
бесплатные bitcoin ethereum miner bitcoin avto bitcoin карты bitcoin king
курс tether boxbit bitcoin сеть ethereum кости bitcoin ethereum news приложение tether xbt bitcoin bitcoin сша заработок ethereum
ethereum calculator bitcoin pools курс ethereum ethereum rotator bitcoin count bitcoin bitcoin china my ethereum bitcoin мошенничество bitcoin проект
bitcoin markets сбербанк ethereum
monero coin bitcoin spinner bitcoin compromised bitcoin capitalization Authorфорекс bitcoin bitcoin регистрация up bitcoin bitcoin игра There are still many similarities between Litecoin and Bitcoin, which is why it is referred to as the silver to Bitcoin’s gold!bitcoin приложение 99 bitcoin video bitcoin lamborghini bitcoin конвектор bitcoin иконка bitcoin code bitcoin пул monero bitcoin nedir adbc bitcoin jax bitcoin ethereum краны cryptocurrency trading шрифт bitcoin chain bitcoin bitcoin symbol bitcoin trader
mmm bitcoin bitcoin информация bitcoin run dogecoin bitcoin
bitcoin fun bitcoin прогноз заработок bitcoin super bitcoin bitcoin talk видео bitcoin neo cryptocurrency water bitcoin bitcoin cli monero майнер bitcoin reindex bitcoin кранов bitcoin куплю q bitcoin bitcoin stock bitcoin ether bitcoin comprar mining ethereum ethereum calculator сети bitcoin ютуб bitcoin
decred cryptocurrency блоки bitcoin nanopool monero mikrotik bitcoin статистика ethereum
monero hardfork bitcoin ru balance bitcoin bitcoin easy и bitcoin сеть ethereum
bitcoin cryptocurrency bitcoin galaxy ethereum википедия
ethereum скачать bitcoin png рост ethereum bitcoin dollar картинка bitcoin bitcoin money
эфир ethereum bitcoin accepted
bitcoin github ethereum russia bitcoin fasttech coinmarketcap bitcoin
lamborghini bitcoin
bitcoin daemon webmoney bitcoin bitcoin nonce Late March 2018, Facebook, Google, and Twitter banned advertisements for initial coin offerings (ICO) and token sales.puzzle bitcoin bitcoin coinmarketcap explorer ethereum bitcoin открыть business bitcoin сайте bitcoin
polkadot ico bitcoin roll bitcoin 4000
bitcoin портал bitcoin nvidia explorer ethereum добыча bitcoin bitcoin darkcoin bitcoin transactions pirates bitcoin se*****256k1 ethereum bitcoin coinmarketcap
bitcoin cost pos bitcoin
bitcoin лотереи bitcoin journal sec bitcoin exchange monero
инструкция bitcoin bitcoin гарант bitcoin explorer golden bitcoin ethereum info stealer bitcoin ethereum frontier bitcoin рбк bitcoin скачать отзывы ethereum purchase bitcoin bitcoin services bitcoin blog weather bitcoin сервера bitcoin tether tools биржи ethereum monero криптовалюта mining bitcoin обменники bitcoin bitcoin сервисы coingecko bitcoin bitcoin вектор bitcoin картинки система bitcoin
отзывы ethereum gif bitcoin Unlike a bank’s ledger, a crypto blockchain is distributed across participants of the digital currency’s entire networkmonero amd bitcoin scrypt форк bitcoin bitcoin half автомат bitcoin bitcoin etherium microsoft bitcoin bitcoin algorithm bitcoin 3
bitcoin miner monero spelunker bitcoin вложения bitcoin casino free ethereum bitcoin обозреватель ethereum miner кредиты bitcoin wmz bitcoin
bitcoin xpub bitcoin grant ledger bitcoin monero windows air bitcoin ethereum addresses bitcoin пицца bitcoin faucet monero dwarfpool ethereum contracts
wallet cryptocurrency cryptocurrency calendar bitcoin рейтинг favicon bitcoin bitcoin purchase
ethereum forks перспективы bitcoin криптовалюта tether bitcoin 2x
адрес ethereum ethereum game
bitcoin coinmarketcap ферма ethereum programming bitcoin bitcoin changer алгоритмы ethereum paidbooks bitcoin bitcoin unlimited protocol bitcoin bitcoin сборщик bitcoin vip
bitcoin email bitcoin blocks cryptocurrency market
monero биржи apple bitcoin ethereum dag bitcoin аккаунт bitcoin вирус ethereum купить market bitcoin china bitcoin bitcoin основы работа bitcoin банк bitcoin
продам ethereum ethereum биржа bitcoin carding
bitcoin вконтакте pirates bitcoin blockchain ethereum 60 bitcoin bitcoin халява bitcoin store клиент bitcoin alpha bitcoin tether wallet игра bitcoin wmz bitcoin bitcoin скачать bitcoin novosti ethereum dao bank cryptocurrency collector bitcoin daemon monero
bitcoin xl bitcoin валюты bitcoin payeer habrahabr bitcoin конференция bitcoin bitcoin новости bitcoin fire bitcoin daemon bitcoin trojan x bitcoin bitcoin casino bitcoin cap ethereum claymore bitcoin knots bitcoin adress bitcoin legal monero rub ethereum price wifi tether ethereum crane bitcoin куплю bitcoin google рулетка bitcoin today bitcoin bitcoin ru bitcoin metal bitcoin конвертер bitcoin parser bubble bitcoin block bitcoin bitcoin explorer
bitcoin презентация bitcoin сша удвоить bitcoin monero client бонусы bitcoin cap bitcoin cryptocurrency trading bitcoin etherium 999 bitcoin bitcoin zone статистика ethereum bank cryptocurrency bitcoin кредиты putin bitcoin bitcoin войти bitcoin cny
monero ann seed bitcoin скрипт bitcoin clame bitcoin monero windows
bitcoin валюты ethereum difficulty bitcoin server bitcoin рубль doubler bitcoin
gek monero bitcoin автоматически cryptocurrency trade gift bitcoin bitcoin location bitcoin github ethereum developer ethereum хешрейт 2x bitcoin кошельки bitcoin bitcoin перевод python bitcoin monero core
конференция bitcoin
tera bitcoin raiden ethereum Ether is designed to fuel the Ethereum network and power transactions — think of it as gas.monero freebsd chvrches tether эфир ethereum bitcoin презентация flappy bitcoin bitcoin login шахта bitcoin double bitcoin anomayzer bitcoin forex bitcoin to bitcoin сайте bitcoin bitcoin links ethereum mist monero usd bitcoin исходники bitcoin land short bitcoin adc bitcoin tether usd bitcoin master mastering bitcoin monero майнинг bitcoin rpc cryptocurrency logo
bitcoin send big bitcoin bitcoin update ethereum кошелька nubits cryptocurrency freeman bitcoin github bitcoin bitcoin 2017 bitcoin investing keystore ethereum bitcoin froggy air bitcoin lootool bitcoin bitcoin forums
average bitcoin dorks bitcoin reklama bitcoin bitcoin land bitcoin reddit bitcoin capital mini bitcoin
адрес ethereum вход bitcoin новости monero
bitcoin plus bitcoin doubler
bitcoin dark bitcoin цены bitcoin x2 bitcoin bcc Concept 5) Remember that Bitcoin should still be considered an experiment. As resilient as the system has proven to be, it is still new. The value of a Bitcoin could drop to zero tomorrow. This means under no circumstances should people invest money in Bitcoin which they cannot afford to lose. Bitcoin is a highly volatile commodity with an extremely uncertain future. Grandmothers should not be putting retirement money into Bitcoin (nor in US dollars, for that matter).bitcoin aliexpress bitcoin core bitcoin картинки bitcoin knots rpg bitcoin ethereum os bitcoin accelerator bitcoin cz кошельки bitcoin tether addon bitcoin вложить ico bitcoin cold bitcoin ethereum chaindata bitcoin gambling сборщик bitcoin japan bitcoin Miners must successfully solve hash functions in order to add new blocks of a cryptocurrency to the blockchain. Litecoin and bitcoin use different mining algorithms, with Scrypt being the hash function used for litecoin, and SHA-256 the hash function used for bitcoin. Scrypt was initially chosen by the litecoin development team to avoid mining being dominated by ASIC-based miners. This would allow *****U and GPU-based miners to compete. The Scrypt mining algorithm is more memory intensive, and this was initially less suited to ASIC miners, giving other miners more opportunity. However, Scrypt-capable ASIC-based miners have developed over time. This means *****U and GPU-based miners no longer have valid mining tools due to the inferior computational powers, and ASICs are able to generate far more hashes per second.bitcoin paypal
